分布式电驱动车辆力矩分配控制研究现状综述

Distributed-drive electric vehicles have the advantages of high control flexibility, short transmission chain, compact structure, high transmission efficiency, and high space layout utilization. These unique structure and traction characteristics enable the exploitation of the full potential of vehicle dynamics control; moreover, they enhance vehicle safety, improve drive efficiency, and simplify chassis structure, thus making distributed-drive electric vehicles a promising hardware carrier for high-performance vehicle controller development. However, as distributed drive electric vehicles are over-driven, multi-constraint, strongly nonlinear, and longitudinal-lateral-vertical motion coupling systems, they face the challenges of vehicle dynamics control, vehicle driving economy control, and cooperative control. In this study the state of the art in torque distribution control of distributed-drive electric vehicles was reviewed and analyzed, including control framework, stability control, energy efficiency control, and control of stability and energy efficiency. Moreover, application cases were presented, and the development direction of torque allocation strategy was outlined to provide a reference for advanced high-performance strategy design of distributed-drive electric vehicles.