减熵构序、强基固本、三融共享:进阶式基础学科实验育人体系构建与实践

[Objective] Education, technology, and talent are the foundational and strategic pillars of modernization in the Chinese context. Strong basic scientific research serves as the cornerstone for establishing a world scientific and technological power and is a crucial source of disruptive technologies in many fields. The experimental teaching system for basic disciplines plays a vital role in cultivating top-notch innovative talents. This study focuses on issues in the experimental practice of basic disciplines, such as the lack of a sound organizational mechanism and system for education through experimental practice, insufficient integration of high-quality scientific research into talent cultivation, and shallow horizontal and vertical assimilation into the educational process. It proposes an education system for basic disciplines that emphasizes progressive experimental practice, featuring entropy reduction, foundation strengthening, and three-fusion sharing. [Methods] This study focuses on the cultivation of the experimental and practical innovation capabilities of top-notch innovative talents, adherence to the combination of learning and thinking, and unity between knowledge and action. It conducts the construction and practice of a progressive experimental practice education system that features entropy reduction, foundation strengthening, and three-fusion sharing. Toward this end, and using a top-level design, it systematically reorganizes the curriculum system, talent team, and resource allocation of the university’s experimental centers. Doing so breaks down barriers to the engagement of high-level talents in experimental courses, formulates a new framework for the formation of educational pathways for experimental practice in basic disciplines, and achieves entropy reduction. A bridge is established between key laboratories and experimental centers for basic disciplines. The contents of mathematics, physics, and chemistry experimental courses are reshaped by integrating cutting-edge technology and national defense characteristics, thereby underscoring an experimental practice education system composed of Type-A top-level competition courses, Type-B scientific research transformation courses, and Type-C basic innovation courses, which achieves foundation strengthening. Horizontal and vertical exchange and cooperation that emphasize the cultivation of the experimental capabilities of top-notch innovative talents are promoted. The study proposes strategies for knowledge integration within basic mathematics, physics, and chemistry; advantage integration of basic disciplines into engineering disciplines; and full-element path integration for the cultivation of leading talents, thus forming a new cross-disciplinary educational path in experimental practice and achieving three-fusion sharing. [Results] “Entropy reduction, foundation strengthening, and three-fusion sharing: An advanced experimental and practical education system for basic disciplines” focuses on the core objective of cultivating the experimental and practical innovation capabilities of top-notch innovative talents. Through years of exploration and practice, and since its application and promotion, this achievement has led to remarkable results with a wide scope of beneficiaries. The proposed cultivation of experimental and practical innovative talents has played a positive role in guiding undergraduates to achieve excellent results in various high-level disciplinary knowledge competitions and in obtaining landmark achievements in global top competitions, thus bravely winning the highest awards in such competitions. [Conclusions] Taking the reform of the experimental teaching center for basic disciplines of the Beijing Institute of Technology as an example, this study systematically analyzes the problems faced by the experimental and practical teaching systems of basic disciplines in institutions of higher learning, given the requirements of the new era. It systematically dissects the curriculum system, talent teams, and resource construction of the experimental teaching center of the university. It also formulates an experimental teaching curriculum system for basic disciplines that features multidisciplinary integration, shared superior resources, integration of cutting-edge technology, and national defense characteristics. It proposes a practical path for the progressive experimental and practical education system for basic disciplines-namely, entropy reduction, foundation strengthening, and three-fusion sharing. In this manner, it provides new ideas and methods for the construction of the experimental and practical education system for basic disciplines in colleges and universities and further promotes the cultivation of the practical innovation capabilities of top-notch innovative “Six Forces” talents.