典型单组元液体推进剂爆炸特性及爆炸冲击波传播规律

The explosion effects of DT-3 and anhydrous hydrazine are studied experimentally and analyzed theoretically for the explosion hazards of two typical liquid monopropellants used in liquid rocket engines. Based on shock sensitivities of DT-3 and anhydrous hydrazine propellant 3, a detonation mode was designed, and the shock wave pressures at different distances from detonation center were measured. Peak pressures and attenuation laws of 5 L and 10 L propellant samples at different locations were obtained respectively. Based on experimental data and characteristics of liquid monopropellant, the propagation laws and TNT equivalents of explosive shock waves of two propellant samples were studied. The results show that the explosive shock waves of two kinds of propellants present prominently double-peak values during the propagation process under the condition of secondary spraying explosion, and their TNT equivalents decrease monotonously with the increase in distance. The propagation laws of explosion shock waves of these two classic liquid monopropellants are inconsistent with the explosion similarity law within the vicinity of the detonation center. To calculate the TNT equivalents more precisely, the conception of equivalent mass is recommended to amend the method.