全国重点实验室管理机制研究——以临近空间环境特性及效应全国重点实验室为例

[Objective] In response to the evolving requirements arising from the restructuring of the State Key Laboratory, this study examines innovations in management mechanisms. Using the State Key Laboratory of Environment Characteristics and Effects for Near-space as an example, we propose the dual-wheel-drive model integrating collaborative innovation management and “1-3-5” synergistic operation framework. [Methods] The innovative management mechanism aligns with the national mission through ideological and political construction by establishing the General Branch of the Communist Party of China to strengthen Party organization. Accountability is enhanced through a Director Responsibility System, in which the Laboratory Director, appointed for a five-year term, operates under the supervision of a Management Committee comprising representatives from Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), the China Meteorological Administration, and Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology. The Director assumes full responsibility for research strategy, resource allocation, and personnel management. The new management mechanism ensures autonomy through substantive construction. The laboratory is embedded within BIT’s “Double First-Class” university initiative and benefits from dedicated facilities, independent equipment, and its own management office. In addition, this mechanism introduces new requirements and methods for various aspects of management. The mechanism proposes an innovative dual-PI team structure, led by a chief scientist and supported by two co-leaders for each research direction. Research teams led by PIs will be created based on various task types, such as applied basic research, core technology breakthroughs, equipment development, and product development. Meanwhile, the new system will implement a differentiated approach to resource allocation and diversified personnel strategies to address issues related to scattered resources and innovation predicaments. This aims to ensure efficient resource circulation, facilitate personnel allocation, and build PI teams with different specifications tailored to different team types and task requirements. This method also accelerates technology transformation by using an innovative ecosystem. It integrates industry, academia, research, and application to jointly create industrial incubation platforms with leading enterprises in the industry and application units. This management mechanism focusing on developing the spirit of scientists in combination with the cultural heritage of universities, create a laboratory atmosphere that values being “people-oriented, truth-seeking and pragmatism, and striving for excellence,” and builds a positive, and healthy scientific research environment. [Results] The “1-3-5” synergistic operation mechanism provides the operational backbone: integrated party building, three-dimensional cross-cutting collaboration, and five-dimensional organization. This collaborative operation mechanism achieves efficient management through “three connections and three high efficiencies.” The “triple-mutuality for joint cultivation” training system enhances cross-school education by building platforms, cultivating talents, and sharing achievements. The three-dimensional synergy management creates a closed-loop collaborative ecosystem that promotes resource sharing, talent development, and shared success. The five-dimensional organization enhances efficiency and promotes optimization across five dimensions: scientific research innovation, discipline development, talent cultivation, engineering experiments, and industry services. [Conclusions] Through this innovative management model, the laboratory seeks to maximize its scientific productivity and transform the governance structure for national laboratories. It aims to effectively support the national innovation-driven development strategy and play a key role in achieving high-level scientific and technological independence.