TY - JOUR
T1 - Intercalation process in the preparation of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide-montmorillonite nanocompounds and their application in epoxy resins
AU - Qin, J. Y.
AU - Zhang, W. C.
AU - Yang, R. J.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019
PY - 2019/9/15
Y1 - 2019/9/15
N2 - To enhance the flame retardancy of epoxy resins (EPs), 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and montmorillonite (MMT) nanocompounds were prepared. In their preparation, anhydrous, pristine and watery calcium-based montmorillonite (CaMMT) and sodium-based montmorillonite (NaMMT) were used through molten DOPO, a DOPO solution in ethanol, and ball milling. The intercalation processes of DOPO into MMT were studied. It was found that water and ethanol molecules were disadvantageous to the intercalation. In the anhydrous state, DOPO could intercalate faster into NaMMT than CaMMT. It was observed that the DOPO-CaMMT nanocompounds could induce good intercalated and exfoliated dispersion in EPs by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The flame retardancy, glass transition and mechanical properties of the EPs were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 vertical burning test, cone calorimetry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and three-point bend testing. The DOPO-CaMMT nanocompounds ensured that the EP composites exhibited good performance due to the good dispersion of the CaMMT layers in the matrix.
AB - To enhance the flame retardancy of epoxy resins (EPs), 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and montmorillonite (MMT) nanocompounds were prepared. In their preparation, anhydrous, pristine and watery calcium-based montmorillonite (CaMMT) and sodium-based montmorillonite (NaMMT) were used through molten DOPO, a DOPO solution in ethanol, and ball milling. The intercalation processes of DOPO into MMT were studied. It was found that water and ethanol molecules were disadvantageous to the intercalation. In the anhydrous state, DOPO could intercalate faster into NaMMT than CaMMT. It was observed that the DOPO-CaMMT nanocompounds could induce good intercalated and exfoliated dispersion in EPs by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The flame retardancy, glass transition and mechanical properties of the EPs were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 vertical burning test, cone calorimetry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and three-point bend testing. The DOPO-CaMMT nanocompounds ensured that the EP composites exhibited good performance due to the good dispersion of the CaMMT layers in the matrix.
KW - DOPO-MMT nanocompounds
KW - Epoxy resins
KW - Intercalation
KW - Montmorillonite
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85066088662&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107834
DO - 10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107834
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85066088662
SN - 0264-1275
VL - 178
JO - Materials and Design
JF - Materials and Design
M1 - 107834
ER -